Runner’s Fractures
What are Runner’s Fractures?
Runner’s fractures are small cracks in bones caused by repetitive stress or overuse. They commonly occur in the weight-bearing bones of the lower limbs, particularly:
- Metatarsals (long bones in the foot – often the second or third metatarsals)
- Tibia (shin bone)
- Fibula (outer leg bone)
- Calcaneus (heel bone)
- Navicular bone (mid-foot)
Causes
Several factors contribute to the development of runner’s fractures:
- Sudden increase in exercise intensity or duration
- Poor footwear
- Training on hard surfaces
- Inadequate rest between training sessions
- Abnormal foot biomechanics
- Poor running technique
- Low bone density
- Nutritional deficiencies and hormonal issues
- Previous stress fractures
Risk Factors
Some individuals are more susceptible to developing runner’s fractures:
- Long-distance runners
- Military personnel
- Dancers
- People with osteoporosis
- Athletes with eating disorders
- Female athletes (particularly those with irregular menstrual cycles)
- Those with vitamin D deficiency
Signs and Symptoms
Common symptoms include:
- Localised pain that worsens with activity
- Pain that improves with rest
- Swelling around the affected area
- Tenderness when touching the site
- Pain that progressively worsens over time
- Night pain in advanced cases
Diagnosis
Stress fractures can be difficult to diagnose on radiology as they can often not appear on plain x-rays and sometimes may not appear on CT scans.
At The Fracture Clinic, we have immediate or efficient access to:
- Detailed clinical examinations which can often approximate the diagnosis
- Immediate X-rays
- Fast CT scans
- Advanced imaging (when required) such as MRI scans or Bone Scans which can diagnose stress fractures when the above methods don’t show the injury
Runner’s Fracture Treatment
We specialise in non-operative conservative treatment of runner’s fracture, providing comprehensive care including:
- Initial Management:
- Advice on activity modification and limitations
- Rest from aggravating activities
- Therapy and pain relief
- Injury Immobilisation:
- Plasters and waterproof casts or
- Removable splints, boots, and braces
- Rehabilitation:
- Post fracture recovery management
- Post fracture physiotherapy
- Return to activity planning
- Load Management:
- Graduated weight-bearing protocols
- Activity modification guidance
- Cross-training recommendations
Long-term Management
Our clinic provides ongoing support through:
- Regular follow-up appointments
- Progressive rehabilitation programs
- Return to sport guidance
- Prevention strategies
- Monitoring for recurrence
When to Seek Immediate Care
Contact our clinic immediately if you experience:
- Sudden severe pain
- Inability to bear weight
- Visible deformity
- Significant swelling
- Skin changes or bruising
Our Services
The Fracture Clinic offers:
- Rapid access to assessment
- On-site imaging
- Waterproof casting options
- Custom-fitted braces
- Comprehensive rehabilitation
- Regular monitoring
- Direct access to specialist referral when needed
Do I need surgery for a runner's stress fracture?
Surgery is usually not required for runner’s fractures as they normally heal well with conservative treatment. However, in some cases, surgery might be needed if the fracture is displaced or doesn’t heal naturally with rest or other non-invasive treatments. If the stress fracture has occured due to nutritional deficiency or another medical condition, you may need to consult your GP for a specialist referral.
How long does it take to recover from a stress fracture?
Stress fracture recovery varies depending on the location and severity of the fracture:
- Minor stress fractures: 4-6 weeks
- Standard stress fractures: 6-8 weeks
- Complex cases: 3-6 months and even longer for chronic cases
Is it ok to run with a stress fracture?
No, it is not safe to run with a stress fracture, as doing so may aggravate the injury and lead to further damage of the bone. This can lead to a long recovery break.
When can I start running after a stress fracture?
You may try a light jog after you are pain-free for at least 2-3 weeks, however, its best to consult with your doctor before doing so. Its also recommended for you to have a proper return-to-activity plan before you indulge in sports and physical activities.
Can I still exercise with a stress fracture?
In general, you can exercise but the severity of your stress fracture will help determine if its safe to indulge in weight-bearing activities. Some activities like swimming and cycling may be considered safe with approval from your doctor.
How can I prevent a runner's fracture?
Our team often emphasises on taking preventive measures to avoid stress fractures through the following ways:
1. Training Modifications
- Proper warm-up routine
- Gradual increase in activity levels
- Taking appropriate rest
2. Equipment Recommendations
- Proper footwear and equipment selection
- Appropriate training surfaces such as running tracks
- Adequate Calcium and Vitamin D intake
- Balanced diet for bone health
